This Scientific Reports Collection invites research on unmanned aerial system (UAS) mapping in spatial information acquisition. Topics include, but are not limited to aerial photogrammetry, spatial data acquisition, mapping precision optimization, and multi-scenario mapping applications.

This Collection seeks to showcase innovative research on the integration of artificial intelligence, clinical decision support, and smart surgical robotics in surgical practice. We welcome submissions that explore the implications of these technologies for patient safety, treatment outcomes, and surgical efficiency, aiming to enhance the future of surgical care through data-driven insights and advanced robotics.

This Collection invites contributions exploring the intricate relationship between the microbiome and cancer. We welcome research investigating the microbiome's role in cancer development, progression, and therapy, as well as studies focused on dysbiosis, chronic inflammation, and microbiome-based interventions. Our aim is to advance understanding in this field and highlight innovative approaches to cancer prevention and treatment.

Declining anthropogenic aerosol emissions over South and East Asia will improve air quality but also unmask greenhouse gas–driven warming, reshaping regional temperature trends, monsoon dynamics, cloud–precipitation processes, and climate extremes. Understanding aerosol–monsoon–climate interactions in this transition is critical for reliable climate projections and for integrating air-quality gains with sustainable development, adaptation, and risk management policies in a cleaner-atmosphere fut

This collection aims to explore recent advances and innovative strategies in sustainable aquaculture, addressing the full production spectrum from nutrition and disease management to integrated and climate-resilient farming systems. This collection seeks interdisciplinary research that supports the transition toward environmentally responsible and resilient aquaculture systems worldwide.

The fragmentation of plastic debris has led to the widespread emergence of nanoplastics (NPs), particles typically smaller than 1 µm. Due to their small size, large surface-to-volume ratio, and dynamic interfacial properties, nanoplastics exhibit enhanced mobility, reactivity, and biological interactions compared to their larger counterparts. They are now increasingly detected across environmental compartments, including water, soil, air, and groundwater, as well as within biological systems. Ho

This Collection focuses on plant-derived bioactive compounds and nanotechnology-based delivery systems as sustainable alternatives to synthetic pesticides for crop protection. It welcomes research on chemical characterization, nanoencapsulation strategies, and their in vitro and in vivo efficacy validation against key fungal, bacterial, and oomycete agricultural pathogens.

This collection highlights advances in new approach methodologies (NAMs) that are transforming toxicology and regulatory science by enabling more human-relevant, mechanistically informed, and efficient hazard and risk assessment beyond traditional animal testing.

This Collection explores recent advances in grapevine molecular, physiological, and morphological responses to environmental stresses, revealing stress adaptation mechanisms and offering insights to enhance stress resilience and support sustainable viticulture under climate change.

This Collection focuses on the intersection of parasitic diseases and the nervous system, highlighting critical advances in neuroparasitology. It aims to foster a deeper understanding of host-parasite relationships, explore the implications of neuroinflammation, and promote innovative strategies for antiparasitic chemotherapy. By encouraging interdisciplinary research, this Collection seeks to contribute significantly to the field and enhance public health outcomes.

This Collection aims to explore the complex relationship between environmental factors and infectious agents in respiratory inflammation. We welcome research examining the mechanisms behind airway inflammation, focusing on triggers such as air quality, viral infections, and immune responses. The collected works will contribute to a deeper understanding of respiratory diseases and inform strategies for better health outcomes.

This collection welcomes original research across these domains, including mechanistic studies, clinical investigations, translational advances, and population‑level insights.

This Collection focuses on recent advances in nonlinear wave equations and coherent structures within nonlinear mathematical physics. It covers analytical, numerical, and applied studies of solitons, wave stability, interaction phenomena, and dispersive systems arising in fluids, optics, plasmas, and complex media, with an emphasis on rigorous methods, integrability, and physically motivated models across continuous and discrete systems.

This special issue of Architectural Intelligence explores how generative AI transforms urban design, focusing on simulation, ethics, and the future of sustainable cities.

This Collection invites original research on aneuploidy in early human development, focusing on embryo viability, chromosomal mosaicism, and preimplantation genetic testing. It highlights molecular cytogenetic and cytogenomic analyses of human gametes and embryos, integrating experimental, computational, and clinical perspectives on meiotic and mitotic errors, chromosomal instability, and early lineage specification.

This series aims to bring together work that connects ecological and evolutionary insight with public health relevance and supports the development of interaction-informed strategies for the control of vector-borne diseases.

This Collection focuses on the interplay between fibrosis, senescence, and tissue remodelling in inflammatory diseases. Contributions are sought that examine the underlying mechanisms, implications for health outcomes, and potential therapeutic targets, with the aim of advancing understanding and treatment in this crucial area of medical research.

This topic focuses on optimization strategies and inherent performance trade-offs in modern peer-to-peer (P2P) applications — from structured overlays, content distribution and streaming to P2P-based computing and blockchain overlays. It emphasizes analyses, protocols, and strategies that balance competing metrics (e.g. latency, throughput, resource usage, reliability, and overhead) to achieve efficient yet robust behavior.

This special issue will feature a curated selection of papers from the European Transport Conference 2025 (ETC 2025), held in Antwerp, Belgium, from 17–19 September 2025. The European Transport Conference is a leading international forum for the presentation of policy, research, and practice in transport. The selected contributions reflect the diversity and depth of discussions at ETC 2025 and highlight emerging priorities within the transport sector.

Bioactive and functional nanomaterials are transforming biomedical science by enabling precise interactions at the molecular and cellular levels. Their tunable physicochemical properties, surface functionality, and dynamic responsiveness allow the development of advanced platforms for drug delivery, diagnostics, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.